The yellow-billed hornbill refers to several species in the genus Tockus, including the southern yellow-billed hornbill (Tockus leucomelas) and the eastern yellow-billed hornbill (Tockus flavirostris). These birds are characterized by their long, curved yellow beaks and are commonly found in savannas and woodlands of Africa, where they feed on fruits, seeds, insects, and small animals.

Overview of Yellow-Billed Hornbills

Yellow-billed hornbills refer to several species within the genus Tockus. The two main types are:

  • Southern Yellow-Billed Hornbill (Tockus leucomelas)
  • Eastern Yellow-Billed Hornbill (Tockus flavirostris)

Southern Yellow-Billed Hornbill

Description

  • Size: Medium-sized, measuring 48–60 cm (19–24 in) in length.
  • Weight: Ranges from 132–242 g (0.29–0.53 lb).
  • Beak: Long, yellow, and down-curved; males have larger beaks (average 90 mm) than females (average 74 mm).
  • Plumage: White belly, grey neck, and black back with white spots.

Habitat and Distribution

  • Found primarily in southern Africa, including countries like Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa.
  • Prefers dry savannas and woodlands, often near acacia trees.

Behavior

  • Active during the day and sleeps in trees at night.
  • Feeds on the ground, foraging for seeds, insects, and small animals.
  • Typically seen alone or in small groups, except during breeding seasons.

Eastern Yellow-Billed Hornbill

Description

  • Similar in size and appearance to the Southern Yellow-Billed Hornbill.
  • Also characterized by a thick, curved yellow beak.

Habitat and Distribution

  • Found in eastern Africa, inhabiting savannas and woodlands.

Behavior

  • Shares similar feeding habits, consuming fruits, seeds, and insects.

Conservation Status

  • The Southern Yellow-Billed Hornbill is classified as "Least Concern" by the IUCN, indicating stable populations, while the Eastern Yellow-Billed Hornbill faces threats from habitat loss due to deforestation and climate change.